国际金融 名词解释(英语)

国际金融 名词解释(英语) The term “International Finance” itself represents a vast and complex field, fundamentally concerned with the global flow of capital. It’s more than just money moving across borders; it's about the intricate web of institutions, regulations, and relationships that govern these flows. Think of it as the plumbing system of the world economy. Let’s break down some key terms within this domain. "Exchange Rate" is crucial – it’s the value of one currency in terms of another. Fluctuations here can dramatically impact trade, investment, and even consumer confidence. Understanding these rates is paramount for anyone involved in cross-border transactions. Then there’s “Foreign Direct Investment (FDI).” This isn’t just about buying stock in a foreign company. FDI involves a company making a significant, long-term investment in a foreign country, often including establishing a physical presence like a factory or office. “Balance of Payments” is another cornerstone. It’s a record of all economic transactions between a country and the rest of the world. A surplus means a country is exporting more than it's importing, while a deficit indicates the opposite. “Capital Account” specifically focuses on these international flows – investments, loans, and transfers. It's a vital part of the overall balance of payments, and often a key indicator of a country’s economic health. Finally, “Global Financial Institutions” like the World Bank and the International Monetary Fund (IMF) play a huge role. They’re essentially the referees of the global financial system, working to promote stability, manage crises, and facilitate international trade and investment. These institutions heavily influence policies and provide crucial support during turbulent times. 展开